so
so
soƊ
sow
/səʊ/

āχāĻ‚āϰ⧇āϜāĻŋāϤ⧇ "so"āĻāϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ

01

āĻāϤ, āϖ⧁āĻŦ

to such a large or extreme extent, often expressing intensity or quantity
so definition and meaning
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She ran so fast that no one could catch her.
āϏ⧇ āĻāϤ āĻĻā§āϰ⧁āϤ āĻĻ⧌āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āϕ⧇āω āϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āϧāϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĻŋāĨ¤
1.1

āϖ⧁āĻŦ, āĻāϤ

very much or to a great amount
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
He said he loved me so!
āϏ⧇ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āϝ⧇ āϏ⧇ āφāĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āĻ­āĻžāϞ⧋āĻŦāĻžāϏ⧇!
1.2

āĻāϤāϟāĻž, āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž

to some extent or degree, not precisely defined but understood to be limited
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
You should eat so much sugar every day, but not more.
āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻāϤ āϚāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āωāϚāĻŋāϤ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
1.3

āĻāϤ, āϖ⧁āĻŦ

to the extent or degree implied or referenced
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
I 've never felt so nervous before a presentation.
āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ–āύāĻ“ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āφāϗ⧇ āĻāϤ āύāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāϏ āĻŦā§‹āϧ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāύāĻŋāĨ¤
1.4

āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻŋ

accompanied by a physical gesture to show size, length, or amount
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She said the dress was only so big.
āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻāϤ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
02

āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻŋāχ, āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇

used to affirm or confirm a statement with certainty
Informal
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
He was so the best candidate for the job.
āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻŋāχ āϚāĻžāĻ•āϰāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏ⧇āϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨā§€ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύāĨ¤
2.1

āĻāϤ, āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻŋāχ

used especially in speech to stress disbelief, denial, or strong negative reaction
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
I so do n't believe what you're saying.
āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāϕ⧇āĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āχ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āύāĻž āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϝāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻ›āĨ¤
03

āϤāĻžāχ, āϖ⧁āĻŦ

used to indicate similarity in degree compared to something else
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
This movie was n't so exciting as the last one.
āĻāχ āϏāĻŋāύ⧇āĻŽāĻžāϟāĻŋ āĻļ⧇āώ⧇āϰāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻāϤ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧇āϜāύāĻžāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āύāĻžāĨ¤
04

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to refer back to an idea, statement, or fact mentioned earlier
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
You said you were coming; I assume so.
āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āφāϏāĻ›; āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϤāĻžāχ āϧāϰ⧇ āύāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤
4.1

āϤāĻžāχ, āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇

used to indicate that something else is true in a similar way
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She did n't attend the party, and so did her friends.
āϏ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻŋāϤ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāχ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ⧁āϰāĻžāĻ“āĨ¤
4.2

āĻāϤ, āϖ⧁āĻŦ

used to refer back to an adjective or quality previously mentioned
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
The team worked hard, and even more so in the final round.
āĻĻāϞāϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻ ā§‹āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻŽ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϰāĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡ āφāϰāĻ“ āϤāĻžāχāĨ¤
4.3

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to show agreement with a previous statement
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
" That was a long day. " — " So it was. "
"āϏ⧇āϟāĻž āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻž āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘ āĻĻāĻŋāύāĨ¤" — "āϤāĻžāχ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤"
05

āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇, āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāϤ⧇

in the manner or method shown or mentioned
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
Hold your hands so.
āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻšāĻžāϤ āĻāχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϧāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāϖ⧁āύāĨ¤
06

āϤāĻžāχ, āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇

used to mark a sequence of actions or events
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
They met for coffee, and so talked for hours.
āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ•āĻĢāĻŋāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϘāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϘāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻž āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
07

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to introduce a new topic, comment, or transition in speech or writing
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So let's get started, shall we?
āϤ⧋, āĻļ⧁āϰ⧁ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻ•, āĻ āĻŋāĻ• āφāϛ⧇?
7.1

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to present a declaration that anticipates disagreement or judgment
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So I cried a little, everyone has emotions!
āϤāĻžāχ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āϟ⧁ āϕ⧇āρāĻĻ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĻžāĻŽ, āϏāĻŦāĻžāϰāχ āφāĻŦ⧇āĻ— āφāϛ⧇!
08

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to open a direct question, often as a conversational starter
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So, where are we going for dinner?
āϤ⧋, āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āϰāĻžāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϕ⧋āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›āĻŋ?
8.1

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to extend or deepen a line of inquiry
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So how did she react to the news?
āϤ⧋, āϏ⧇ āĻ–āĻŦāϰ⧇ āϕ⧀ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻžāϞ?
8.2

āϤāĻžāχ, āϤāĻžāχ āĻ•āĻŋ

used to express indifference or to question the importance of something
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So what if I was late?
āϤāĻžāχ āĻ•āĻŋ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĻ⧇āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āφāϏāĻŋ ?
09

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to wrap up a conversation or argument, often with finality
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So now you know the whole truth.
āϤāĻžāχ āĻāĻ–āύ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϤ āϏāĻ¤ā§āϝ āϜāĻžāύ⧇āύāĨ¤
10

āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ›āĻŋ

used to refer to an approximate quantity, number, or extent
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
We need a hundred volunteers or so for the event.
āχāϭ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ•āĻļ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ⧇āĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāϏ⧇āĻŦāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āϤāϤ⧋āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύāĨ¤
01

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to introduce a consequence or result of the preceding clause
so definition and meaning
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She had n't eaten all day, so she felt dizzy.
āϏ⧇ āϏāĻžāϰāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻ–āĻžāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋ, āϤāĻžāχ āϏ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āϰāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āϰāĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
1.1

āϤāĻžāχ, āϏ⧁āϤāϰāĻžāĻ‚

used to indicate an outcome or unintended consequence of an action
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
He skipped all his classes, so that he failed the course.
āϏ⧇ āϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŦ āĻ•ā§āϞāĻžāϏ āĻĢāĻžāρāĻ•āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϤāĻžāχ āϕ⧋āĻ°ā§āϏ⧇ āĻĢ⧇āϞ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āĨ¤
02

āϝāĻžāϤ⧇, āϝ⧇āύ

used to indicate purpose or intention behind an action
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
I'll explain everything slowly so that you understand.
āφāĻŽāĻŋ āϏāĻŦ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āϧ⧀āϰ⧇ āϧ⧀āϰ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻŦ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻŦ⧁āĻāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĨ¤
03

āϤāĻžāχ, āĻāĻ•āχāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇

used to draw a parallel or analogy between two clauses
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
Just as you reap what you sow, so must you live with your choices.
āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āϝāĻž āĻŦ⧁āύāĻŦ⧇ āϤāĻžāχ āĻ•āĻžāϟāĻŦ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻŽāύāχ āϤ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāρāϚāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤
01

āϏ⧋, āϏāϞ

the syllable used in musical solmization to represent the fifth note of a scale
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She practiced singing the scale from do to so repeatedly.
āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄā§‹ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϏ⧋ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧇āϞ āĻ—āĻžāύ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āϝāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ⧇āύāĨ¤
01

āφāĻš!, āϤāĻžāχ!

used to show sudden understanding, surprise, or disagreement in response to new information
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
So! You think you can beat me at chess?
āϤāĻžāχ ! āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻŽāύ⧇ āĻ•āϰ⧋ āϤ⧁āĻŽāĻŋ āφāĻŽāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāϰāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŦ⧇?
01

āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•, āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ

accurate, correct, or as stated
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
The witness confirmed that the statements made were so.
āϏāĻžāĻ•ā§āώ⧀ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇āϛ⧇āύ āϝ⧇ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦ⧃āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
02

āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•, āϝāĻĨāĻžāϝāĻĨ

arranged or done precisely and correctly
āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
The table settings must be so for the formal dinner.
āφāύ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻĄāĻŋāύāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŸā§‡āĻŦāĻŋāϞ āϏ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ‚āϏ āĻāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤
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āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒ āĻĄāĻžāωāύāϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύ