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While
01
mentre, durante
a span of time
Example
She waited patiently for a while before the bus finally arrived.
Ha aspettato pazientemente un po' prima che l'autobus arrivasse finalmente.
He studied for a while before taking a short break to rest his eyes.
Ha studiato per un po' prima di fare una breve pausa per riposare gli occhi.
while
01
mentre
despite the fact that; even though
Example
While she had reservations about the plan, she decided to go along with it.
Sebbene avesse riserve sul piano, decise di seguirlo.
While the weather was unfavorable, they went ahead with the outdoor event.
Sebbene il tempo fosse sfavorevole, hanno proceduto con l'evento all'aperto.
02
sebbene
used to indicate contrast
Example
He did n't want to risk his reputation by being associated with the controversial project.
Non voleva rischiare la sua reputazione associandosi al progetto controverso, mentre sebbene.
The north of the country experiences cold winters, while the south has mild weather year-round.
Il nord del paese vive inverni freddi, mentre il sud ha un clima mite tutto l'anno.
03
mentre, nel frattempo
used to indicate a period of time during which an action takes place or a state of affairs exists, often denoting simultaneous or concurrent events
Example
The children played outside while the sun was shining.
I bambini giocavano fuori mentre il sole brillava.
He listened to music while I did my homework.
Lui ascoltava musica mentre io facevo i compiti.
