While
01
間, 時間
a span of time
例
She waited patiently for a while before the bus finally arrived.
He studied for a while before taking a short break to rest his eyes.
while
01
にもかかわらず, とはいえ
despite the fact that; even though
例
While she had reservations about the plan, she decided to go along with it.
彼女は計画に 懸念を抱いていたが、同意することに決めた。
While the weather was unfavorable, they went ahead with the outdoor event.
天気が不利だったにもかかわらず、彼らは野外イベントを進めました。
02
一方で, にもかかわらず
used to indicate contrast
例
He did n't want to risk his reputation by being associated with the controversial project.
彼は論争の的となるプロジェクトに関連している間、自分の評判を危険にさらしたくなかった。
The north of the country experiences cold winters, while the south has mild weather year-round.
国の北部は寒い冬を経験しますが、一方で南部は一年中穏やかな天候です。
03
ながら, 間に
used to indicate a period of time during which an action takes place or a state of affairs exists, often denoting simultaneous or concurrent events
例
The children played outside while the sun was shining.
子供たちは外で遊んでいました、一方で太陽が輝いていました。
He listened to music while I did my homework.
彼は私が宿題をしている間、音楽を聴いていた。
