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While
01
a span of time
Example
She waited patiently for a while before the bus finally arrived.
He studied for a while before taking a short break to rest his eyes.
while
01
despite the fact that; even though
Example
While she had reservations about the plan, she decided to go along with it.
While the weather was unfavorable, they went ahead with the outdoor event.
02
used to indicate contrast
Example
He did n't want to risk his reputation by being associated with the controversial project.
The north of the country experiences cold winters, while the south has mild weather year-round.
03
used to indicate a period of time during which an action takes place or a state of affairs exists, often denoting simultaneous or concurrent events
Example
The children played outside while the sun was shining.
He listened to music while I did my homework.
