Breakdown
01
故障, 损坏
a situation in which something fails to work properly, especially because of a mechanical failure
例子
The car had a breakdown on the highway, causing traffic delays.
汽车在高速公路上抛锚，导致交通延误。
A sudden breakdown in the elevator left passengers stranded.
电梯突然故障，导致乘客被困。
02
故障, 破裂
a failure in the progress or effectiveness of a relationship or system
例子
The communication breakdown led to the project's failure.
沟通崩溃导致了项目的失败。
The company experienced a breakdown in its supply chain, leading to a shortage of products.
该公司经历了供应链的故障，导致产品短缺。
03
精神崩溃, 神经衰弱
a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life
例子
After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence.
在经历了数月的工作压力后，他经历了精神崩溃，不得不请假。
The pressures of caregiving for her ailing parents caused her to have a mental breakdown.
照顾患病父母的压力导致她精神崩溃。
04
详细分析, 细分
a systematic analysis that divides a whole into separate parts for clarity or measurement
例子
The accountant gave a breakdown of expenses by department for the quarter.
会计师提供了季度各部门费用的细分。
Before the meeting she prepared a breakdown of time needed for each agenda item.
在会议之前，她准备了一份每个议程项目所需时间的细分。
05
分解, 降解
the process by which organic matter is decomposed, often by bacterial, fungal, or enzymatic action
例子
The breakdown of leaf litter by fungi returns nutrients to the soil each autumn.
真菌对落叶的分解每年秋天将养分返回土壤。
Scientists measured the breakdown rate of the biodegradable polymer under composting conditions.
科学家测量了在堆肥条件下可生物降解聚合物的分解速率。
06
一种活泼、充满活力的独舞或群舞，以复杂的步法和节奏重音为特征，与南阿巴拉契亚地区的步舞传统相关。, 南阿巴拉契亚地区的传统舞蹈，活泼而有节奏，步法精巧，在 breakdown 期间以独舞或群舞形式表演。
a lively, energetic solo or group dance featuring intricate footwork and rhythmic accenting, associated with old-time, flatfooting, clogging, buckdancing, or other Southern Appalachian step‑dance traditions
例子
The fiddler cued the breakdown and the dancers answered with rapid, intricate steps.
小提琴手示意breakdown，舞者们以快速、复杂的舞步回应。
At the festival she performed a solo breakdown that drew loud applause from the crowd.
在节日上，她表演了一段独奏breakdown，赢得了观众的热烈掌声。
