to pass
01
通る, 過ぎる
to approach a specific place, object, or person and move past them
Intransitive
Transitive: to pass sb/sth
例
He gave me a smile as he passed.
彼は通り過ぎる際に私に微笑みかけた。
Nobody has passed this way for hours.
何時間も誰もこの道を通っていない。
1.1
通る, 通過する
to go to a place or to travel through it
Intransitive: to pass somewhere
例
He passed along the corridor to a small room at the back of the building.
彼は建物の後ろにある小さな部屋へと廊下を通った。
We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.
私たちは門を通って、裏庭に入りました。
02
渡す, 手渡す
to transfer the possession of something to someone else, particularly by putting it in their hands or somewhere reachable
Ditransitive: to pass sb sth | to pass sth to sb
Transitive: to pass sth
例
Can you pass me that bag by your feet?
足元のそのバッグを渡してくれませんか？
I passed the note back to her.
私はメモを彼女に渡しました。
2.2
移転する, 譲渡する
to transfer rights, ownership, or properties to someone else, typically through a legal or formal process
Ditransitive: to pass rights, ownership or properties to sb
例
These powers were eventually passed to municipalities.
これらの権限は最終的に自治体に移譲されました。
The business owner decided to pass the company to her daughter upon her retirement.
事業主は退職時に会社を娘に譲ることを決めた。
2.3
譲る, 渡す
(of wealth or ownership rights) to be given to another person after the owner's demise
Transitive: to pass to sb
例
On his death, the title passed to his eldest son.
彼の死後、称号は長男に渡った。
After her grandmother 's passing, the family home passed to her as the sole heir.
祖母の死後、家族の家は唯一の相続人として彼女に渡りました。
03
過ぎる
(of time) to go by
Intransitive
例
Minutes passed slowly during the boring lecture.
退屈な講義の間、分はゆっくりと過ぎた。
Hours passed as they enjoyed their time at the park.
彼らが公園で時間を楽しんでいる間に、時間が過ぎた。
3.2
過ぎる, 終わる
to be stopped or come to an end
Intransitive
例
After a couple of hours the storm passed.
数時間後、嵐はやんだ。
It 's just a phase which will eventually pass.
それはただの段階で、最終的には過ぎ去るでしょう。
04
(of words, looks, or messages) to be exchanged or transferred between people
Intransitive
例
A glance of recognition passed between them.
Glances passed between the two strangers.
05
合格する, 通る
to get the necessary grades in an exam, test, course, etc.
Transitive: to pass a test
Intransitive
例
Did you pass all your exams?
あなたはすべての試験に合格しましたか？
He has n’t passed his driving test yet.
彼はまだ運転試験に合格していません。
06
to die
Intransitive
例
He passed surrounded by family and friends.
His grandfather passed peacefully in his sleep.
07
パスする, ボールをパスする
to give the ball to a teammate by kicking, throwing, etc.
Transitive: to pass the ball
例
He passed the ball to Sterling.
彼はボールをスターリングにパスした。
His intent was to pass the ball forward rather than knock it back.
彼の意図は、ボールを後ろに蹴り返すのではなく、前にパスすることでした。
08
追い越す, 通り過ぎる
to move in front of another vehicle that is going more slowly
Transitive: to pass a vehicle
例
She passes the truck on the highway every morning.
彼女は毎朝高速道路でトラックを追い越します。
He passed the slow car carefully last night.
彼は昨夜、ゆっくり走っている車を注意深く追い越した。
09
可決する, 承認する
to make or accept a law by voting or by decree
Transitive: to pass a law
例
In 1996, Congress unanimously passed the Food Quality Protection Act.
1996年、議会は全会一致で食品品質保護法を可決しました。
Plans to extend the hotel have now been passed.
ホテルを拡張する計画が今可決されました。
10
to give information, an item, or responsibility to someone else for handling
Ditransitive: to pass information or a task to sb
例
I 'll pass the information on to our sales department.
They've passed the enquiry over to the police.
11
to occur or be spoken in the course of events
Intransitive
例
They 'll never be friends again after all that has passed between them.
Many apologies passed during the heated discussion.
12
to be allowed or go without objection
Intransitive
例
Her remarks passed without comment.
I do n't like it, but I 'll let it pass.
13
to change from one state, condition, or phase to another
例
She passed from childhood into early adulthood gracefully.
The milk passes from liquid to solid when heated and cooled.
例
The number of unemployed has passed the two million mark for the first time.
失業者数が初めて200万人の大台を超えました。
Unemployment has now passed the three million mark.
失業者数は現在300万人の大台を超えました。
15
排出する, 排泄する
to send waste substances out from the bladder or bowels
Transitive: to pass body waste
例
He was having difficulty passing water.
彼は水を排出するのに苦労していた。
If you 're passing blood you ought to see a doctor.
血を排出している場合は、医師に診てもらうべきです。
16
to be officially approved, accepted, or granted
Intransitive
例
The Bill passed by 164 votes to 107.
The new law passed despite heavy debate.
17
to decline an offer, invitation, or opportunity
Intransitive: to pass on an invitation or offer
例
I'll have to pass on that cup of coffee, thanks.
I'm going to pass on dessert, if you do n't mind.
17.1
パスする, 答えない
to give no answer to the question one is asked due to not knowing the answer or being unwilling to share the answer
Intransitive
例
‘ Who wrote ‘ Catch-22 ’? ’ ‘ Pass. ’
「『キャッチ=22』を書いたのは誰？」「パス」
What's the capital of Peru? ’ ‘ I'll have to pass on that one. ’
「ペルーの首都は？」「それはパスしなければならない」
18
宣言する, 述べる
to state something, particularly officially and in the presence of others
Transitive: to pass a judgement
例
It 's not for me to pass judgement on your behaviour.
あなたの行動について判断を下すのは私の役目ではありません。
The court waited in silence for the judge to pass sentence.
裁判所は、裁判官が判決を言い渡すのを静かに待った。
19
(in card games) to give up one's turn or choose not to play a card
Intransitive
例
I decided to pass and save my high card for later.
Everyone passed until someone could win the trick.
20
通る, 認識される
to be perceived as the gender one identifies with or is presenting as
Slang例
I pass well when I dress confidently.
自信を持って服を着ると、私はうまく通る。
He passed perfectly at the party last night.
彼は昨晩のパーティーで完璧にパスしました。
Pass
01
a document or authorization that allows a person to enter, cross, or move through a restricted area
例
Visitors must show their passes to enter the secure facility.
He flashed his pass at the guard and walked inside.
例
He made a quick pass to his teammate in front of the goal.
彼はゴール前でチームメイトに素早いパスを出した。
The quarterback threw a perfect pass to the wide receiver.
クォーターバックはワイドレシーバーに完璧なパスを投げた。
03
a written document granting permission for temporary leave from duty
例
The soldier received a weekend pass to visit his family.
Without a signed pass, no one was allowed to leave the base.
04
a permit allowing entry to or exit from a military base or restricted installation
例
You 'll need a security pass to leave the base perimeter.
The guard checked every pass before opening the gate.
05
パス, スロー
a play where the quarterback throws the football to a teammate to advance the ball down the field
例
He threw a quick pass to the running back.
彼はランニングバックに素早いパスを投げた。
The quarterback 's accurate pass set up a first down.
クォーターバックの正確なパスがファーストダウンを設定した。
06
a flight or maneuver made by an aircraft over a specific area or target
例
The jet made a low pass over the airfield before landing.
The bomber completed its first pass over the enemy base.
07
a natural route or gap through a mountain range, lower than the surrounding peaks, allowing easier travel
例
The army crossed the mountains through a narrow pass.
The pass was blocked by snow for most of the winter.
08
a brief or casual attempt at doing something
例
He took a quick pass at solving the puzzle before giving up.
She made a pass at the speech draft but needed more time to refine it.
09
合格, パス
a successful outcome indicating that a test or requirement has been satisfied
例
A pass in the entrance exam was required for admission to the prestigious university.
名門大学への入学には入学試験の合格が必要でした。
The students celebrated their passes in the final exams with joy and relief.
生徒たちは、最終試験での合格を喜びと安堵をもって祝いました。
10
an automatic advancement to the next stage of a competition without having to face an opponent
例
The team received a first-round pass due to the uneven number of entries.
A lucky pass gave them extra time to prepare for the semifinals.
11
a ticket granting free admission to an event or venue
例
She received a backstage pass to meet the band.
VIP passes were given to long-time sponsors.
12
a difficult or challenging point in a situation or period of time
例
The company is going through a rough pass financially.
They found themselves in a desperate pass with few options left.
13
a single complete movement or cycle performed by a machine or computer during an operation
例
The compiler processes the code in multiple passes.
Each pass through the data refines the output.
14
(in baseball) the right of a batter to advance to first base after receiving four pitches outside the strike zone
例
The umpire called a ball, giving the batter a pass to first base.
He earned a pass after four consecutive wide pitches.
語彙ツリー
passant
passer
passing
pass
