to break
01
壊す, 割る
to separate something into more pieces, often in a sudden way
Transitive: to break sth
例
Be careful not to break the glass when you wash the dishes.
食器を洗うときにガラスを割らないように気をつけてください。
1.1
壊れる, 折れる
to become damaged and separated into pieces because of a blow, shock, etc.
Intransitive
例
The chair legs could n't support his weight and broke.
椅子の脚は彼の体重を支えきれずに折れた。
02
違反する, 破る
to fail to obey the law
Transitive: to break a law
例
She was caught breaking the contract by sharing confidential information.
03
脱出する, 逃げる
to manage to get away from captivity
例
The hostage plotted to break free during the chaos.
人質は混乱の間に逃げることを計画した。
04
折る, 骨折させる
to cause a crack and a separation in one of the bones of the body
Transitive: to break a bone
例
The skier had a bad fall and broke several ribs.
スキーヤーはひどく転倒し、数本の肋骨を折った。
05
壊れる, 故障する
(of a piece of equipment) to become inoperative or unusable
Intransitive
例
The computer screen suddenly broke, and I could n't see anything.
コンピュータの画面が突然壊れ、何も見えなくなった。
06
中断する, 壊す
to end or interrupt something, particularly a sentence, remark, or course of action
Transitive: to break a situation or course of action
例
The silence in the library was broken by a loud conversation.
図書館の静けさは大きな会話によって破られた。
6.1
休憩する, 中断する
to put a temporary halt to something, particularly in order to have a drink or eat something
Intransitive
例
The conference will break for a networking session in the afternoon.
会議は午後にネットワーキングセッションのため休憩します。
6.2
和らげる, 壊す
to try to lessen the force or impact of a fall
Transitive: to break a fall
例
His quick reflexes allowed him to twist and turn, trying to break his fall as he fell from the ladder.
彼の素早い反射神経は、はしごから落ちている間に落下を和らげようとして、身をよじらせ、回転させることができた。
6.3
打ち破る, 超える
to excel in doing something compared to anyone else who has ever tried it
Transitive: to break a record
例
His incredible feat in the high jump might remain a record that may never be broken.
走高跳びでの彼の信じられないほどの偉業は、おそらく決して破られない記録として残るかもしれない。
6.4
断つ, やめさせる
to do one's best to make a habit go away
Transitive: to break a habit
例
Breaking the habit of procrastination can improve your productivity.
先延ばしの習慣を断つことは、生産性を向上させることができます。
07
壊す, 打ち砕く
to shatter someone's mental resilience
Transitive: to break sb
例
The constant criticism began to break her.
絶え間ない批判が彼女を壊し始めた。
7.1
打ち破る, 終わらせる
to negate a strike, particularly by replacing the striking workers
Transitive: to break a strike
例
The company 's strategy to break the strike resulted in a lengthy labor dispute.
ストライキを打ち破るための会社の戦略は、長い労働争議を引き起こした。
7.2
折る, 従わせる
to force someone into obedience, confession, or submission, often using physical or psychological pressure
Transitive: to break sb
例
They attempted to break the resistance.
彼らは抵抗を打ち破ろうとした。
7.3
壊す, 弱らせる
to weaken someone or something in order to destroy them
Transitive: to break sth
例
The constant criticism from his peers began to break his self-esteem.
仲間からの絶え間ない批判が彼の自尊心を壊し始めた。
08
変わる, 裏返る（声）
(of a boy's voice at the age of 13 or older) to become permanently deeper
Intransitive
例
After his voice broke, he joined the bass section of the choir.
声変わりした後、彼は合唱団のバスパートに加わった。
8.1
途切れる, 震える
(of a person's voice) to change in tone due to going through intense emotion
Intransitive
例
Her voice broke as she described the accident.
事故を説明しているとき、彼女の声は震えた。
09
解読する, 解明する
to unravel the secret or find the meaning behind something
Transitive: to break a secret or complex problem
例
With their combined efforts, they were able to break the complex algorithm.
彼らの共同の努力により、複雑なアルゴリズムを解読することができました。
10
発表する, 明らかにする
(of news) to be released or made known to the public
Intransitive
例
The news of the election results broke on live television.
選挙結果のニュースがライブテレビで流れた。
10.1
伝える, 明かす
to tell someone some important news, often bad news
Ditransitive: to break news to sb
例
I do n't want to do it. Let 's decide who 's going to break it to him.
私はそれをしたくない。誰が彼に伝えるか決めましょう。
11
離れる, 解く
(of wrestlers or boxers) to let go of or come out of a grappling position, particularly when asked by the referee
Intransitive
例
It 's important for wrestlers to know when to break to avoid penalties.
レスラーにとって、ペナルティを避けるためにいつ離れるかを知ることは重要です。
12
破る, 切る
to cut through the surface level of the skin and cause bleeding
Transitive: to break the skin
例
The paper cut was painful, but it did n't break the skin deeply.
紙の切り傷は痛かったが、皮膚を深くまで切り裂くことはなかった。
13
壊す, 破る
to make a set become incomplete, particularly by taking or destroying one of its parts
Transitive: to break a set
例
The seller would n't break the bundle of magazines.
売り手は雑誌の束を壊すつもりはありませんでした。
14
両替する, 割る
to exchange a sum of money for the same amount but in smaller bills or coins
Transitive: to break a bill
例
I 'd like to break this $ 20 into fives, please.
この20ドル札を5ドル札に両替したいのですが。
15
ブレイクをかける, 打つ
(primarily in the game of billiards, snooker, or pool) to be the first player who strikes at the beginning of a game
Intransitive
例
Who will break in the next game of snooker?
次のスヌーカーゲームで誰がブレイクをしますか？
16
破る, 現れる
to rise through the surface of sea, pool, etc.
Transitive: to break the surface of water
例
The turtle 's head broke the surface momentarily before it dived underwater again.
亀の頭が一瞬水面を破って現れた後、再び水中に潜った。
17
晴れ渡る, 急激に変わる
(of weather conditions) to experience a drastic change, particularly after a period of stability
Intransitive
例
After days of foggy conditions, the weather broke, revealing clear blue skies.
何日もの霧の多い天候の後、天気が崩れ、晴れた青空が現れた。
17.1
砕ける, 崩れる
(of waves of water) to fall or be dissolved into foam, particularly on the shoreline
Intransitive
例
The waves were breaking rhythmically against the rocks.
波が岩にリズミカルに砕けていた。
17.2
勃発する, 始まる
(of a day, dawn, or a storm) to begin
Intransitive
例
The storm broke as we reached the shelter.
嵐が始まったのは、私たちが避難所に着いた時だった。
17.3
晴れ間が覗く, 雲が切れる
(of clouds) to clear out or show an opening
Intransitive
例
It was a gloomy morning, but by midday, the clouds started to break, giving us hope for a better day.
それは暗い朝でしたが、正午までに雲が晴れ始め、より良い一日への希望を与えてくれました。
18
破る, 壊す
to use force in order to open something secure such as a safe
Transitive: to break a safe compartment
例
They tried to break the old chest but found it more challenging than they expected.
彼らは古いチェストを壊そうとしたが、思ったよりも難しいことが分かった。
Break
01
休憩, 休み
a rest from the work or activity we usually do
例
After three hours of driving, they took a break at a rest stop.
3時間運転した後、彼らは休憩所で休憩を取った。
02
脱出, 逃走
an escape from a place, typically where one is being held against their will
例
The prisoner planned his break from prison meticulously, waiting for the perfect moment to flee.
03
骨折, ひび
a fracture in bone or other hard tissue
例
The X-ray confirmed a break in her leg.
X線は彼女の脚の骨折を確認しました。
04
コマーシャルブレイク, 広告休止
a short pause in a TV or radio program for advertisement
例
Some advertisers strategically time their commercials to coincide with breaks in popular TV shows to reach a larger audience.
05
中断, 休憩
a sudden stop or pause that interrupts an activity or flow
例
The fire alarm caused a break in the meeting.
火災報知器が会議の中断を引き起こした。
06
幸運, 機会
an unexpected fortunate event, particularly one that leads to success
例
He got his big break when he was cast in a major movie role.
彼は大きな映画の主役に選ばれた時、大きな転機を迎えた。
07
破損, 亀裂
the event of something being damaged or separated into pieces
例
The glass had a clean break down the middle.
ガラスは真ん中にきれいな割れ目があった。
08
断絶, 決裂
a split or separation in personal or social relations
例
The argument led to a permanent break in their friendship.
その議論は彼らの友情に永続的な断絶をもたらした。
09
断層, 亀裂
a fracture in the earth's crust caused by movement of one side against the other
例
The earthquake followed a break in the fault line.
地震は断層線の断裂の後に続いた。
10
脱出, 突進
a sudden, fast movement toward a goal or objective
例
He made a break down the court for an easy basket.
彼は簡単なバスケットのためにコートをブレイクした。
11
ブレイク, 最初のショット
(in billiards or pool) the first shot of a game that spreads the racked balls across the table
例
His powerful break scattered the balls widely.
彼の強力なブレイクがボールを広く散らした。
12
失敗した投球, 空のフレーム
(in bowling) a frame where the player does not manage either a strike or a spare
例
His game was ruined by too many breaks.
彼のゲームはあまりにも多くのブレイクによって台無しにされた。
13
ブレーク, サービスブレーク
(in tennis) a win in a game when the opponent is serving
例
She secured an early break in the first set.
彼女は最初のセットで早期のブレイクを決めた。
14
声の割れ, 声の途切れ
a sudden shift in a person's voice, often at puberty or from strong emotion
例
His voice had a noticeable break during the speech.
彼の声にはスピーチ中に顕著な途切れがあった。
例
There was a break in the meeting when everyone stepped out for refreshments.
会議中に全員が軽食を取りに外に出た時に休憩がありました。
16
休憩, 休み時間
a period of time during the school day when students are not in class, often used for relaxation, refreshment, or other activities
例
During the break, students socialize with friends in the cafeteria.
休憩時間中、生徒たちはカフェテリアで友達と交流します。
