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to be
1.1
used for saying what something is made of
Example
The cake is three layers of deliciousness.
Is your mug ceramic?
The building is a mix of brick and concrete.
Is your table solid wood?
The market was several bustling stalls and shops.
1.2
to express equality between things
Example
What is the value of 20 ounces in grams?
New York City is not the United States.
Let z be the result of the multiplication of m and n.
Let y be the product of p and q.
Two plus two is four.
1.3
used for talking about the cost of something
Example
The concert tickets were £30 each.
The customized furniture set is $1,500.
'What's the price of the coffee machine?'
The meal at the restaurant was $50 per person.
The tomatoes are $2 per pound.
1.4
used for indicating who owns something or who it is meant for
Example
This book is for Tim.
'Whose is this phone?'
'It's not mine, and it's not Tim's.'
'It's not mine, and it's not Tim's.'
1.5
used for indicating how great the importance of something is to someone
Example
The safety of our employees is our top priority.
Your health should be paramount to you.
Success is nothing without fulfillment in one's personal life.
Family was everything to me.
The success of this project is crucial for the company's future.
3.1
to occupy a place
Example
The files are in the filing cabinet.
The cat is under the bed.
The keys are on the hook by the door.
Your coat is in the closet.
The park is across the street.
3.2
to have a presence
Example
The children are in the backyard.
Is there a doctor in the house?
There was a police in the other room.
Will your family be at the reunion this year?
Mary was in the garden.
6.1
used in the perfect tenses to mean to come or visit
Example
The plumber has been to repair the leaky faucet.
The repairmen have been to fix the plumbing issue.
Has the cleaning service been to tidy up the house?
Have the painters been to finish the job?
Has the delivery person been to drop off the package?
8.1
(auxiliary) used with the past participle form of a verb when forming the passive voice
Example
The decision was made by the committee.
The question was answered by the expert.
The book was read by thousands of people.
The movie will be released next month.
The bridge has been repaired after the storm.
Example
The dog's name is Max.
My grandmother was 90.
This cake is delicious.
My favorite color is blue.
This plant is a sunflower.
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