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to be
01
ser, estar, tener
used when naming, or giving description or information about people, things, or situations
Linking Verb: to be [adj] | to be sb/sth | to be to do sth
Ejemplos
The movie was entertaining.
La película era entretenida.
1.1
ser
used for saying what something is made of
Linking Verb: to be particular constituent parts or material
Ejemplos
The building is a mix of brick and concrete.
El edificio es una mezcla de ladrillo y hormigón.
1.2
ser
to express equality between things
Linking Verb: to be sth
Ejemplos
Seventy divided by ten is seven.
Setenta dividido por diez es siete.
1.3
costar, ser
used for talking about the cost of something
Linking Verb: to be a particular price
Ejemplos
' How much are these earrings? ' ' They 're $ 30 each.'
'¿Cuánto son estos aretes?' 'Son 30 $ cada uno.'
1.4
ser
used for indicating who owns something or who it is meant for
Linking Verb: to be for sb | to be someone's
Ejemplos
The keys on the table are yours; I found them in the living room.
Las llaves en la mesa son tuyas; las encontré en la sala.
1.5
ser
used for indicating how great the importance of something is to someone
Linking Verb: to be sth | to be [adj]
Ejemplos
Honesty is everything in a healthy relationship.
La honestidad es todo en una relación sana.
02
ser
to have an existence
Linking Verb: to be sb/sth
Ejemplos
There 's an interesting story behind that old painting.
Hay una historia interesante detrás de esa pintura antigua.
Ejemplos
There 's an ancient castle on top of the hill.
Hay un antiguo castillo en la cima de la colina.
2.2
estar
to have a presence
Intransitive: to be somewhere
Ejemplos
Is there a leader among us who can guide the discussion?
¿Hay un líder entre nosotros que pueda guiar la discusión?
03
ser
to happen or take place
Intransitive: to be somewhere | to be point in time
Ejemplos
The conference is at the convention center next month.
La conferencia tiene lugar en el centro de convenciones el próximo mes.
04
ser
used for talking about time
Linking Verb: to be a specific time | to be [adj]
Ejemplos
It 's midnight, and the city is quiet.
Son las doce de la noche, y la ciudad está tranquila.
05
estar, hacer
used for talking about the weather
Linking Verb: to be [adj]
Ejemplos
It was cloudy this morning.
Estaba nublado esta mañana.
06
estar
used in the perfect tenses to mean to go or visit
Intransitive: to be somewhere
Ejemplos
We 've never been to Asia, but we'd love to visit someday.
Nunca hemos estado en Asia, pero nos encantaría visitarla algún día.
6.1
venir
used in the perfect tenses to mean to come or visit
Dialect
British
BritishIntransitive
Ejemplos
Has the delivery person been to drop off the package?
¿Ha venido el repartidor a dejar el paquete?
07
decir
used to express what someone has said
Ejemplos
During the meeting, the manager was like, " We need to improve our efficiency. "
Durante la reunión, el gerente era como, "Necesitamos mejorar nuestra eficiencia."
08
estar
(auxiliary) used with the present participle form of a verb in forming progressive tenses
Ejemplos
They are discussing the upcoming event.
Ellos están discutiendo el próximo evento.
8.1
estar
(auxiliary) used with the past participle form of a verb when forming the passive voice
Ejemplos
The movie will be released next month.
La película será estrenada el próximo mes.
