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to be
01
ser, estar, tener
used when naming, or giving description or information about people, things, or situations
Linking Verb: to be [adj] | to be sb/sth | to be to do sth
información gramatical
composición morfológica
simple
verbo de estado
irregular
presente
be
3.ª persona singular
is
participio presente
being
pretérito simple
was
participio pasado
been
Ejemplos
Today is her birthday.
Hoy es su cumpleaños.
1.1
ser
used for saying what something is made of
Linking Verb: to be particular constituent parts or material
Ejemplos
The cake is three layers of deliciousness.
El pastel es tres capas de delicia.
1.2
ser
to express equality between things
Linking Verb: to be sth
Ejemplos
Two plus two is four.
Dos más dos es cuatro.
1.3
costar, ser
used for talking about the cost of something
Linking Verb: to be a particular price
Ejemplos
'What's the price of the coffee machine?' 'It's $80.'
'¿Cuánto cuesta la máquina de café?' 'Son 80 $.'
1.4
ser
used for indicating who owns something or who it is meant for
Linking Verb: to be for sb | to be someone's
Ejemplos
The car in the driveway is Mary's; the other one is mine.
El coche en el camino es de Mary; el otro es mío.
1.5
ser
used for indicating how great the importance of something is to someone
Linking Verb: to be sth | to be [adj]
Ejemplos
Family was everything to me.
La familia era todo para mí.
02
ser
to have an existence
Linking Verb: to be sb/sth
Ejemplos
Is there a solution to this complex problem?
¿Hay una solución para este problema complejo?
03
ser
to happen or take place
Intransitive: to be somewhere | to be point in time
Ejemplos
The graduation ceremony will be in the auditorium.
La ceremonia de graduación tendrá lugar en el auditorio.
04
ser
used for talking about time
Linking Verb: to be a specific time | to be [adj]
Ejemplos
It's five minutes past nine.
Son las nueve y cinco.
05
estar, hacer
used for talking about the weather
Linking Verb: to be [adj]
Ejemplos
It is sunny and warm at the beach today.
Hace sol y calor en la playa hoy.
06
estar
used in the perfect tenses to mean to go or visit
Intransitive: to be somewhere
Ejemplos
Have you ever been to Paris?
¿Alguna vez has estado en París?
6.1
venir
used in the perfect tenses to mean to come or visit
Dialect
British
BritishIntransitive
Ejemplos
The plumber has been to repair the leaky faucet.
El fontanero ha venido a reparar el grifo que gotea.
07
decir
used to express what someone has said
Ejemplos
She was all, "I can't believe you didn't tell me about the party!"
Ella estaba como, « ¡No puedo creer que no me hayas contado sobre la fiesta! »
08
estar
(auxiliary) used with the present participle form of a verb in forming progressive tenses
Ejemplos
She is working on a new project.
Ella está trabajando en un nuevo proyecto.
8.1
estar
(auxiliary) used with the past participle form of a verb when forming the passive voice
Ejemplos
The book was read by thousands of people.
El libro fue leído por miles de personas.
