to hold back
[phrase form: hold]
01
阻挡, 阻止
to prevent someone or something from advancing or crossing a particular point
Transitive: to hold back sb/sth
例子
The soldiers held back the advancing enemy forces with determination.
士兵们坚决地阻挡了前进的敌军。
The security guards tried to hold the excited fans back at the concert entrance.
保安试图在音乐会入口处拦住兴奋的粉丝。
02
抑制, 阻止
to cause someone to hesitate before taking action or speaking
Transitive: to hold back sb from sth
例子
His shyness held him back from approaching the group at the party.
他的羞怯阻碍了他在派对上接近那群人。
The thought of rejection held many students back from asking questions in class.
被拒绝的想法阻止了许多学生在课堂上提问。
03
抑制, 忍住
to suppress one's true feelings or emotions, often to avoid displaying them openly
Transitive: to hold back an emotion or emotional reaction
例子
She tried to hold back her tears during the emotional farewell.
在感人的告别时，她试图忍住眼泪。
She successfully held her anger back during the challenging negotiation.
在充满挑战的谈判中，她成功地抑制住了自己的愤怒。
04
保留, 隐瞒
to not disclose information or facts that a person wants or needs to know
Transitive: to hold back information
例子
She felt that her friend was holding back information about the upcoming surprise.
她觉得她的朋友隐瞒了即将到来的惊喜的信息。
Holding vital information back can lead to misunderstandings and mistrust.
隐瞒重要信息可能导致误解和不信任。
05
忍住, 克制
to refrain from taking immediate action or speaking out, typically due to uncertainty, reluctance
Intransitive: to hold back | to hold back from sth
例子
They held back from making a decision until they had more information.
他们忍住没有做出决定，直到他们掌握了更多信息。
She held back, unsure of how to respond to the unexpected question.
她犹豫了，不确定如何回答这个意外的问题。
06
阻碍, 拖慢
to hinder the effectiveness or progress of something or someone
Transitive: to hold back a process
例子
Technical issues can hold back the efficiency of our computer system.
技术问题可能会阻碍我们计算机系统的效率。
A lack of cooperation among team members can hold back project success.
团队成员之间缺乏合作可能会阻碍项目的成功。
07
抑制, 保留
to refrain from using or giving one's full potential or power
Intransitive
Transitive: to hold back one's potential
例子
She often held back her talents to let others shine in the spotlight.
她经常抑制自己的才能，让别人在聚光灯下闪耀。
The coach encouraged the team not to hold back and give their best effort.
教练鼓励团队不要退缩，要尽最大努力。
08
留级, 让...留级
to delay the progress of someone, typically a student, by retaining them in their current educational grade or level
Transitive: to hold back a student
例子
The decision to hold back a student should be based on their academic readiness.
留级的决定应基于学生的学术准备情况。
The school 's policy is to hold back students who have n't mastered essential skills.
学校的政策是留级那些没有掌握基本技能的学生。
