to keep
01
保つ, 保管する
to have or continue to have something
Transitive: to keep sth
例
Do you need this document back, or can I keep it for my records?
この書類が必要ですか、それとも記録のために私が保管してもいいですか？
1.1
保管する, 保持する
to have or store something in a specific place
Transitive: to keep sth somewhere
例
He keeps a collection of rare coins in a secure vault.
彼は貴重なコインのコレクションを安全な金庫に保管しています。
02
保つ, 留まる
to stay or remain in a specific state, position, or condition
Linking Verb: to keep [adj]
例
They kept calm despite the chaos around them.
彼らは周りの混乱にもかかわらず冷静さを保った。
2.1
遅らせる, 待たせる
to delay someone or cause them to be late
Transitive: to keep sb
例
His late start in the morning kept him from catching the early train.
朝の出発が遅れたため、彼は早い電車に乗ることを阻まれた。
2.2
保つ, 維持する
to make someone or something stay or remain in a specific state, position, or condition
Complex Transitive: to keep sb/sth [adj]
例
She keeps her room tidy.
彼女は部屋をきれいに保つ。
2.3
保つ, 保存する
(of food or any perishable commodity) to stay in good condition
Intransitive: to keep sometime
例
Use up the milk before it expires — it wo n't keep much longer.
牛乳は賞味期限が切れる前に使ってください—それ以上は持ちません。
2.4
続ける, 維持する
to do something many times or continue doing something
Transitive: to keep doing sth
例
Keep practicing to improve your skills.
スキルを向上させるために練習を続けてください。
03
養う, 維持する
to provide money, food, or other necessities for one or someone else to live
Transitive: to keep sb
例
He had to budget meticulously to keep his family in the lifestyle they desired.
彼は家族を望むライフスタイルに保つために、細心の注意を払って予算を組まなければならなかった。
3.1
経営する, 維持する
to manage something one owns, particularly a business
Transitive: to keep a business
例
He keeps a bakery in the downtown area.
彼はダウンタウン地区でパン屋を経営しています。
3.2
守る, 保護する
to guard, protect, or defend someone
Transitive: to keep sb | to keep sb from sth
例
They kept their friend from harm during the dangerous situation.
彼らは危険な状況の中で友人を害から守った。
3.3
飼う, 育てる
to own and take care of animals
Transitive: to keep animals
例
He keeps chickens in his backyard for fresh eggs.
彼は新鮮な卵のために裏庭で鶏を飼っています。
04
守る, 果たす
to remain faithful to a promise, commitment, or agreement
Transitive: to keep a commitment or agreement
例
She did n't keep her promise to attend the important business meeting.
彼女は重要なビジネス会議に出席すると約束したが、それを守らなかった。
05
取っておく, 予約する
to put something aside for someone so that one can give it to them when they ask for it
Transitive: to keep sth for sb
例
Could you keep a spot in line for me? I'll be right back.
私のために列の場所を取っておいてくれませんか？すぐ戻ります。
06
保つ, 記録する
to write something down, particularly for archival purposes
Transitive: to keep a written record
例
He keeps a notebook to jot down ideas and inspirations for his creative projects.
彼は創造的なプロジェクトのためのアイデアやインスピレーションを書き留めるためにノートを取っています。
Keep
01
the central tower of a castle or fortress, typically the strongest and most secure part
02
a confined space in a jail or prison
03
the money or resources needed to live
