to tell
01
言う, 話す
to use words and give someone information
Transitive: to tell sb about sth
例
Did he tell you about the new project?
彼はあなたに新しいプロジェクトについて話しましたか？
She told her family about her exciting job offer.
彼女は家族に彼女のエキサイティングな仕事のオファーについて話した。
1.1
明かす, 漏らす
to make confidential information or a secret known
Intransitive
例
' How did you do on the exam? ' ' I 'm not telling. You'll have to wait for the results.'
'試験はどうだった？' '言わないよ。結果を待たないと。'
She promised not to tell, but her guilty expression gave her away.
彼女は話さないと約束したが、罪悪感のある表情でばれてしまった。
1.2
言う, 話す
to use words in order to express or narrate something
Transitive: to tell sth
Ditransitive: to tell sb sth
例
Can you tell me if what he said is true or not?
彼が言ったことが本当かどうか教えてくれませんか？
He asked his friend to tell him the truth about what happened.
彼は友人に起こったことについて真実を話すように頼んだ。
1.3
言う, 勧める
to instruct or recommend someone to do a particular thing
Ditransitive: to tell sb to do sth
例
He was told to turn off his phone during the movie.
彼は映画の間、携帯電話を切るように言われた。
Passengers are required to do as they are told by the flight attendants.
乗客は、客室乗務員に言われた通りにする必要があります。
1.4
示す, 明らかにする
to provide information or facts about something in non-verbal ways
Ditransitive: to tell sb a piece of information | to tell sb that
例
His facial expression told me that he was upset.
彼の表情は、彼が動揺していることを私に伝えた。
The chart tells us the sales performance of the company.
そのチャートは会社の販売実績を私たちに示しています。
02
判断する, 見分ける
to realize or determine with confidence
Transitive: to tell that
Intransitive
例
' He 's definitely not from around here. ' ' How can you tell?'
'彼は間違いなくこの辺りの人ではない。' 'どうして分かるの？'
From what I can tell, the weather is going to be nice this weekend.
私が言える範囲では、今週末は天気が良さそうです。
2.1
見分ける, 区別する
to be able to differentiate a person or thing from another
Transitive: to tell the difference between two things | to tell that
例
Can you tell which song is the original and which is the cover?
どちらがオリジナルでどちらがカバーか見分けられますか？
Can you tell which twin is which?
どちらがどの双子か言えますか？
03
影響が現れる, 結果をもたらす
to have an effect that is noticeable, particularly a harmful one
Intransitive
例
He 's been neglecting his health lately and it 's starting to tell.
彼は最近健康を怠っていて、それが影響を及ぼし始めている。
The harsh winter is starting to tell on the condition of the roads.
厳しい冬が道路の状態に影響を及ぼし始めています。
