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Reference
01
référence, citation
a mention or citation of something, often to provide context or support for an idea
Exemples
The article included several references to previous studies on the topic.
L'article incluait plusieurs références à des études précédentes sur le sujet.
His speech made multiple references to historical events.
Son discours a fait plusieurs références à des événements historiques.
02
référence
a short note in a book giving information about the source of its subject
Exemples
At the end of the chapter, the author included a reference to the original research study.
À la fin du chapitre, l'auteur a inclus une référence à l'étude de recherche originale.
The book ’s reference section helps readers find the sources used to write the text.
La section de référence du livre aide les lecteurs à trouver les sources utilisées pour écrire le texte.
03
référence, ouvrage de référence
a work containing useful information on a particular subject, often consulted for guidance or clarification
Exemples
Please check the reference for additional information.
Veuillez vérifier la référence pour des informations supplémentaires.
The reference contains the answers to your questions.
La référence contient les réponses à vos questions.
04
référence, point de référence
a point of comparison or a standard used to evaluate or measure something
Exemples
The GDP growth rate serves as a reference for economic performance.
Le taux de croissance du PIB sert de référence pour la performance économique.
The star 's brightness was used as a reference in the study of celestial bodies.
La luminosité de l'étoile a été utilisée comme référence dans l'étude des corps célestes.
05
référence
a letter written by a former employer about a former employee who has applied for a new job, giving information about them
Exemples
She requested a reference from her previous manager to support her job application.
Elle a demandé une référence à son ancien manager pour étayer sa candidature.
His reference highlighted his strong work ethic and excellent communication skills.
Sa référence a mis en évidence son éthique de travail solide et ses excellentes compétences en communication.
06
the specific thing, object, or concept that a word, phrase, or expression points to
Exemples
In " the Eiffel Tower, " the reference is the famous Paris landmark.
Linguists study how words acquire reference in different contexts.
07
the act of referring to, consulting, or directing attention to a source of information
Exemples
She made a reference to the dictionary to check the spelling.
The report included references to multiple academic studies.
08
the relationship in which a word, phrase, or expression points to, denotes, or indicates a specific entity, object, or concept
Exemples
In the sentence " The cat is on the mat, " " cat " and " mat " have clear references.
Pronouns like " he " or " they " depend on context to establish reference.
09
a publication, or a specific passage within a publication, that is cited or referred to
Exemples
The paper included a reference to a recent journal article.
She added several references from historical texts in her essay.
10
the code, pointer, or address that indicates where a piece of information is stored in memory or storage
Exemples
In programming, a reference allows a function to access the original variable.
The database stores references to user profiles rather than duplicating data.
to reference
01
to refer to a source, publication, or piece of information for evidence, support, or clarification
Exemples
In her essay, she referenced several studies on climate change.
The report references the latest government statistics.
Arbre Lexical
coreference
reference
refer
