"Ruffian" is an English term that dates back to the late 16th century, likely derived from the French rufian, meaning a gangster or scoundrel, which itself comes from Italian ruffiano ("pimp" or "rogue"). It describes a person who is violent, criminal, or engages in thuggish or lawless behavior. The term has been used in literature, journalism, and everyday speech to condemn brutality, crime, or rowdy aggression. It is clearly derogatory, signaling strong moral and social disapproval, and is applied to both literal criminal behavior and metaphorical thuggishness.

What is the origin of the term "ruffian" and how is it used?

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英語での「ruffian」の定義と意味

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