Warfarin is a medication used to prevent and treat blood clots, particularly in conditions like deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It works by stopping the production of certain clotting factors in the liver and prolonging the time it takes for blood to clot. Warfarin is also used to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and to prevent clotting in patients undergoing certain medical procedures like heart valve replacement. It needs regular monitoring of blood clotting levels (INR) to ensure effectiveness and safety. Warfarin reacts to many medications and foods, so patients must follow specific dosing instructions and dietary restrictions to avoid complications.

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