What is "shortening"?

Shortening is a solid fat used in baking and cooking, typically made from hydrogenated vegetable oils. It has a high melting point, which gives baked goods a tender, flaky texture. Unlike butter or lard, shortening contains no water, so it produces a crisper texture in baked goods. It is often used in pie crusts, biscuits, and other pastries where a flaky texture is desired. While it lacks the flavor of butter, shortening is prized for its ability to create tender, light-textured baked goods, and its long shelf life makes it a convenient pantry staple.