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Chromosome
01
染色体
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
What is a "chromosome"?
A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure found in the cells of living organisms. It is made up of proteins and DNA, which contains the genetic instructions for growth, development, and functioning. Each chromosome carries many genes, which are the instructions for making proteins and determining various traits and characteristics. Humans have 46 chromosomes in each cell, arranged in 23 pairs, with one set coming from each parent. Chromosomes are crucial for cell division, as they ensure that genetic information is accurately copied and distributed to new cells.
例子
The metaphase plate forms as chromosomes line up in a single row across the center of the cell.
A normal karyotype consists of pairs of chromosomes in a specific order.
Each chromosome has a single centromere that is essential for cell division.
During metaphase, chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers and align at the cell's equator.
A karyotype is like a snapshot of a person's chromosomes.
