to decay
01
腐る, 分解する
to be gradually damaged or destroyed as a result of natural processes
Intransitive
例
Wood can decay if left untreated and exposed to moisture.
木材は、処理されずに湿気にさらされると腐敗する可能性があります。
The old building is currently decaying due to weathering.
その古い建物は現在、風化によって劣化しています。
1.1
劣化する, 朽ちる
(of a structure or an area) to become worse gradually
Intransitive
例
The old house began to decay after years of neglect.
その古い家は、何年も放置された後、劣化し始めました。
The abandoned buildings slowly decayed over time.
放棄された建物は時間とともにゆっくりと劣化していった。
02
腐敗する, 劣化させる
to cause gradual destruction or damage of something
Transitive: to decay sth
例
Neglecting proper dental hygiene can decay tooth enamel, leading to cavities and eventual tooth loss.
適切な歯の衛生を怠ると、歯のエナメル質が劣化し、虫歯や最終的に歯の喪失につながる可能性があります。
Moisture and lack of ventilation can decay wooden furniture, causing it to warp, mold, and deteriorate over time.
湿気と換気不足は木製家具を腐らせ、時間の経過とともに反り、カビ、劣化を引き起こす可能性があります。
03
崩壊する, 分解する
(of a radioactive substance) undergoe fission or emits radiation, resulting in the transformation of its atomic nucleus into a different element or isotope
Intransitive: to decay into an element or isotope
例
Uranium-238 decays into thorium-234 through a process of alpha decay.
ウラン238はアルファ崩壊の過程を通じてトリウム234に崩壊します。
Radon-222 decays into polonium-218 through alpha decay, releasing an alpha particle and decreasing its atomic number by two.
ラドン222はアルファ崩壊によりポロニウム218に崩壊し、アルファ粒子を放出し、原子番号を2つ減らします。
Decay
01
a gradual decrease in stored charge, current, or signal strength
例
The capacitor showed slow decay of its charge.
Signal decay over long wires can reduce performance.
02
the gradual process of decline, deterioration, or loss of quality, and the resulting inferior state
例
The moral decay of society concerned the philosopher.
The building showed signs of structural decay.
03
the decomposition or rotting of organic matter
例
The fruit was soft and showed signs of decay.
Tooth decay is a common problem in children.
04
the spontaneous disintegration of a radioactive substance, emitting ionizing radiation
例
Uranium undergoes radioactive decay over millions of years.
The half-life of a substance is measured by its decay.
