Definition & Meaning of "electroconvulsive therapy"

What is "electroconvulsive therapy"?

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is treatment for mental illnesses that involves the application of electrical shocks to the brain to produce controlled seizures. These seizures can change the patient's brain chemistry to ease serious mental health conditions such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia, especially when other treatments have not been effective. The patient is usually numb or unconscious during ECT to reduce discomfort, and the treatment plan may involve multiple sessions over several weeks. Despite its effectiveness, ECT can cause side effects like temporary memory loss and confusion. It is considered a safe and helpful option for certain individuals needing thorough mental health care.