Cone cell

/kˈəʊn sˈɛl/

/kˈoʊn sˈɛl/

Cone cell

a specialized photoreceptor in the retina of the eye responsible for color vision and high visual acuity in bright light conditions

synonyms : cone

retinal cone

What is a "cone cell"?

A cone cell, located in the retina of the eye, is a specialized photoreceptor responsible for our color vision and visual acuity in brighter light conditions. Shaped like a cone, these cells contain light-sensitive pigments that respond to different wavelengths of light, enabling us to perceive a wide range of colors. Cone cells are concentrated in the central region of the retina called the fovea, which is responsible for our sharp and detailed vision. They are sensitive to red, green, and blue light, and their combined activity allows us to perceive a full spectrum of colors and distinguish fine details in our visual environment. Cone cells play a crucial role in our everyday visual experiences, such as appreciating vibrant colors, recognizing faces, and reading.

Examples

1. Many fish, reptiles, and birds have four types of cone cells, each with light receptors tuned to a different wavelength of light.

2. And since their cone cells can only pick up two main wavelengths of light, they miss out on a lot of color information.

3. While the average person sees around a million colors, Tetrachromatics actually have a fourth type of cone cell in their eyes, enabling them to see close to a hundred million colors!

4. You see, inside your eyes are specialized cells called cone cells, which grant you the power of color vision.