Definition & Meaning of "beta male"in English

What is the origin and meaning of the phrase beta male?

The phrase "beta male" comes from the idea of social hierarchies based on animal behavior, where "alpha" represents the dominant leader and "beta" refers to a subordinate. In slang, a beta male is stereotyped as passive, weak, or lacking confidence, especially in contrast to the so-called "alpha male." The term began appearing in the late 20th century but gained popularity online in the 2000s and 2010s through forums, men's rights groups, and "manosphere" communities, where it was often used in a derogatory way to criticize men who don't fit traditional ideals of masculinity. Today, it's mostly used as internet slang to mock or label someone perceived as less assertive or socially dominant.