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a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation
What is a "toneme"?
A toneme is a unit of sound in a language that indicates a specific tone, which can change the meaning of a word. In tonal languages, the pitch or contour of a syllable can alter its meaning, and tonemes are used to represent these variations. For example, in Mandarin Chinese, the word "ma" can mean different things depending on the tone used: "mā" (mother) with a high level tone, "má" (hemp) with a rising tone, "mǎ" (horse) with a falling-rising tone, and "mà" (scold) with a falling tone. Understanding tonemes is important in the study of phonetics and linguistics, as they play a crucial role in distinguishing meanings in tonal languages.
