Definition & Meaning of "swamp fever"

What is "swamp fever"?

Swamp fever, also known as equine infectious anemia (EIA), is a viral disease that affects horses, donkeys, and mules. It is spread mainly through blood-feeding insects, such as horseflies and deerflies, as well as through contaminated needles or other equipment. The virus attacks the animal's immune system, leading to symptoms such as fever, weight loss, weakness, and a decrease in red blood cells. There is no cure for swamp fever, and infected animals can become sources for the virus, meaning they can spread it to other horses, donkeys, or mules, even if they show no symptoms themselves. Prevention measures include regular testing, strict disease control protocols, and avoiding contact with infected animals.