Definition & Meaning of "rod cell"

What is a "rod cell"?

A rod cell, found in the retina of the eye, is a highly specialized sensory cell that plays a crucial role in our ability to see in dim light. Its distinctive structure consists of a long, slender shape with numerous light-sensitive pigment molecules called rhodopsin. When exposed to light, these pigments undergo a chemical reaction, triggering a series of electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain, ultimately leading to visual perception. Rod cells are particularly abundant in the peripheral regions of the retina, making them essential for our night vision and peripheral vision capabilities. Their remarkable sensitivity to light allows us to navigate and perceive our surroundings even in the absence of bright illumination.