"orientalism" 的定义和意义

What is "Orientalism"?

Orientalism was an art and literary movement that began in the 19th century in Europe, focusing on the representation of Eastern cultures, particularly those of the Middle East and Asia. This movement was characterized by European artists and writers representing these regions through their own interpretations, often emphasizing exotic, romantic, and sometimes stereotypical elements. Artists like Jean-Léon Gérôme and Eugène Delacroix painted scenes of Eastern architecture, costumes, and daily life, often with a sense of mystery and greatness. While Orientalism aimed to show the charm and beauty of these cultures, it was often criticized for its inaccuracies and for presenting a twisted view based on Western fantasies rather than true understanding.