A memory B cell is a specialized type of B lymphocyte that is formed during an immune response and is responsible for maintaining immunological memory. It can recognize and quickly respond to a previously encountered antigen, leading to a faster and more robust immune response upon re-exposure to the same pathogen. A memory B cell plays a crucial role in long-term immunity and is essential for the effectiveness of vaccines and the body's ability to mount an efficient immune response against recurring infections.

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