Hemodialysis is a medical treatment used to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood when the kidneys are unable to perform this function effectively. During hemodialysis, blood is pumped out of the body into a machine called a dialyzer, which acts as an artificial kidney. Inside the dialyzer, the blood passes through a special filter that removes waste and extra fluid. The cleaned blood is then returned to the body. Hemodialysis is typically needed by people with kidney failure or severe kidney disease to help maintain proper balance of electrolytes and fluids in the body, and to prevent complications associated with kidney dysfunction.

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