A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked for an extended period, causing damage or death to the heart tissue. This blockage is typically caused by a buildup of fatty substances in the coronary arteries, which can burst and form a blood clot. Symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, lightheadedness, and pain or discomfort in the arms, back, neck, or jaw. Immediate medical attention is crucial to restore blood flow and minimize heart damage. Treatment may involve medications, lifestyle changes, and procedures such as angioplasty or surgery to improve blood flow to the heart.

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