Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that starts in the basal cells, which are found in the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is the outer layer of the skin. It is often caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. Symptoms may include a pearly or waxy bump, a flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like wound, or a bleeding or scabbing wound that does not heal. Risk factors for basal cell carcinoma include light skin, history of sunburns, older age, frequent exposure to the sun, and certain genetic conditions. Treatment options depend on factors such as the size, location, and how quickly it grows or spreads, but may include surgery, radiation therapy, cryotherapy, or medical creams or ointments. Early detection and protection from UV radiation are crucial for reducing the risk of basal cell carcinoma and improving outcomes.

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