Automatic train protection (ATP) is a safety system used in trains to prevent accidents by automatically controlling the train's speed or stopping it if necessary. It works by monitoring the train's speed and location, comparing this data to signals along the track. If a train is speeding or approaching a danger, such as a red signal or an obstacle, ATP can automatically apply the brakes to slow down or stop the train. This system helps reduce human error and enhances safety, particularly in high-speed or busy train networks.

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