āĻ āύā§āϏāύā§āϧāĻžāύ āĻāϰā§āύ
āĻ āĻāĻŋāϧāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāĻžāώāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āύ
āĻāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāώāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāύ āĻāϰā§āύ
on top of
/ËÉn tËÉp Év/
on top of
01
āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ, āĻāĻĒāϰā§
denoting the inclusion of something extra alongside existing tasks, responsibilities, or obligations
Collocation
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She had to work late hours on top of her regular shifts.
āϤāĻžāĻā§ āϤāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻļāĻŋāĻĢāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĻā§āϰāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻšāϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
02
āĻāĻĒāϰā§, āĻāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰā§
positioned on the upper surface of something
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
The book was on top of the shelf.
āĻŦāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āϞāĻĢā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤
03
āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖā§, āĻāĻĒāϰā§
in a position of control, authority, or mastery
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ
She 's on top of her work, managing the team efficiently.
āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻžāĻā§āϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻā§āύ, āĻĻāϞāĻā§ āĻĻāĻā§āώāϤāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻā§āύāĨ¤
āύāĻŋāĻāĻāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ



























