Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a type of cancer that begins in the kidneys, which are the organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. Symptoms of kidney cancer may include blood in the urine, which may appear pink, red, or dark brown; persistent pain in the side or lower back; a lump in the abdomen; fatigue; unexplained weight loss; and fever. Risk factors for kidney cancer include smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, certain genetic conditions, and exposure to certain chemicals or substances. Treatment options for kidney cancer depend on factors such as the type, size, and stage of cancer, but may include surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Early detection and treatment are important for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.

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