Definition & Meaning of "sigma male"in English

What is the origin and meaning of the phrase "sigma male"?

The slang term sigma male refers to a man who is confident, self-reliant, and successful while operating outside traditional social hierarchies such as the alpha and beta male framework. Often described as a "lone wolf," the sigma male archetype values independence, avoids seeking validation from others, and is portrayed as equally capable and attractive as an alpha male but without the need for dominance or leadership. The concept emerged in the late 2000s within online "manosphere" communities and was popularized in the 2010s through blogs, self-help content, and memes, later spreading widely on social media. While some use it seriously to praise individuality and nonconformity, others employ it ironically to mock exaggerated masculinity and internet gender archetypes.