What is "manic depression"?

Manic depression, also known as bipolar disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs, known as mania, and lows, known as depression. During manic episodes, individuals may feel overly energetic, extremely happy, or irritable, and engage in impulsive behaviors. Depressive episodes involve feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities. These mood swings can affect sleep, energy levels, judgment, behavior, and the ability to think clearly. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments to manage symptoms and control one's mood.