"Indo-Iranian languages"的定义和意义

What are "Indo-Iranian languages"?

Indo-Iranian languages form a major branch of the Indo-European language family and are spoken across a vast region extending from South Asia to parts of the Middle East and Central Asia. This branch is divided into two main groups: Indo-Aryan, which includes languages such as Hindi, Bengali, and Punjabi, and Iranian, which includes Persian, Kurdish, and Pashto. Indo-Iranian languages are characterized by complex grammatical structures, including rich verb conjugation and noun declension systems, and many have a long literary history. The study of Indo-Iranian languages provides insights into the cultural, historical, and linguistic connections between South Asia, Iran, and Central Asia, reflecting centuries of migration, trade, and cultural exchange.