Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and structure. It includes conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and arrhythmias. These conditions can affect the heart's ability to pump blood effectively, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling in the legs. Risk factors for heart disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, and an inactive lifestyle. Preventive measures such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, avoiding smoking, and managing stress can help reduce the risk of heart disease. Treatment options for heart disease vary depending on the specific condition and its seriousness but may include medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery. Early detection and management of heart disease are crucial for preventing complications and improving outcomes.

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