Radiotherapy is a medical treatment that uses high-energy radiation to target and destroy cancer cells or to shrink tumors. This therapy works by damaging the DNA inside cancer cells, preventing them from growing and dividing further. Radiotherapy can be delivered externally, known as external beam radiation therapy, or internally, known as brachytherapy, depending on the type and location of the cancer. It is carefully planned to minimize damage to surrounding healthy tissues while effectively treating the cancerous cells. Radiotherapy may be used alone or in combination with surgery, chemotherapy, or other treatments to achieve the best outcomes for cancer patients.

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