Track ballast is the layer of crushed stone or gravel placed beneath and around railway tracks. It helps to keep the tracks stable, ensuring they remain in position and do not shift under the weight of trains. Ballast also allows water to drain away from the track, preventing flooding and damage. The stones are arranged to distribute the weight of the trains evenly, which helps maintain the track's alignment and supports safe and smooth train movements. Ballast is essential for the durability and proper functioning of railway tracks.

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