What is a "surcoat"?

A surcoat is a loose, sleeveless outer garment that was worn over armor during the Middle Ages. It was a long, flowing tunic that was typically made from linen, wool, or silk and was often embroidered with a coat of arms or other heraldic designs. Surcoats were worn by knights and other members of the nobility both for ceremonial occasions and for battle, and they were designed to protect the wearer from the sun and to keep their armor clean. Later on, surcoats became a fashion item and were worn without armor, often in bright colors and with elaborate decorations.