Automatic train operation (ATO) is a system used in trains that allows them to run without direct human control, using automated systems to manage functions such as speed, braking, and stopping at stations. It relies on sensors, computers, and signals to control the train's movements along the tracks. ATO can be used for specific tasks like maintaining a set speed or managing safe distances between trains, and is often implemented in metro systems or high-speed railways. While ATO helps increase efficiency and safety, operators are typically still present to monitor and intervene if necessary.

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