Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to a buildup of fluid in the body and reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. This can happen due to conditions such as coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, or damage to the heart muscle from infections or other factors. Symptoms of heart failure may include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and difficulty exercising. Treatment for heart failure typically involves medications to improve heart function and reduce fluid buildup, lifestyle changes such as a low-salt diet and regular exercise, and sometimes procedures or surgeries to repair or replace damaged heart valves. Early detection and management of heart failure are important to improve symptoms, quality of life, and long-term outcomes.

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