Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder that affects muscles, causing them to weaken and break down over time. It is caused by a problem with a gene that makes a protein called dystrophin, which is needed for muscles strength and function. DMD mostly affects boys and usually starts to show symptoms in early childhood. Symptoms of DMD usually start with difficulty walking, trouble getting up from a lying or sitting position, and muscle pain or stiffness. As the condition progresses, muscle weakness spreads to other parts of the body, affecting the arms, legs, and eventually the heart and respiratory muscles. Treatment for DMD focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. This may include physical therapy, assistive devices such as braces or wheelchairs, medications to address specific symptoms, and cardiac and respiratory support as needed. While there is currently no cure for DMD, ongoing research may lead to new treatments in the future.

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