Meningitis is an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord, usually caused by an infection. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites, with bacterial meningitis being the most severe form. Symptoms often include a sudden high fever, severe headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, and confusion. Meningitis can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical treatment, especially bacterial meningitis, which can lead to serious complications or death if not treated quickly. Vaccines can help prevent certain types of meningitis.

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