Definition & Meaning of "Garratt locomotive"

What is a "Garratt locomotive"?

A Garratt locomotive is a type of steam locomotive with a unique design, where the engine is made up of two separate sections, one at each end of the train. These sections are connected by a central frame, allowing the locomotive to be more flexible and capable of navigating sharp curves. The Garratt design uses two sets of driving wheels and is particularly well-suited for mountainous terrain, where its ability to carry heavy loads and handle steep slopes makes it highly effective. These locomotives were widely used in countries with challenging rail conditions, like South Africa and Australia, and remain known for their strength and stability.