Definition & Meaning of "polycystic ovary syndrome"

What is "polycystic ovary syndrome"?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting women in their reproductive years. It is characterized by the presence of multiple small sacs on the ovaries, irregular menstrual periods, and high levels of male hormones, called androgen. Symptoms of PCOS can include weight gain, acne, excess facial and body hair, thinning hair on the scalp, and difficulties with fertility. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and may include lifestyle changes, medications to control menstrual cycles, reduce androgen levels, or assist with fertility. Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce the risk of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.