Definition & Meaning of "preservative"

What is a "preservative"?

A preservative is a substance added to food, beverages, or other products to prevent spoilage, decay, or contamination. Preservatives can be natural or synthetic and may come in various forms, such as acids, salts, or antioxidants. They work by inhibiting the growth of bacteria, yeasts, or molds that can cause food to spoil or become unsafe to consume. Preservatives do not usually have a distinctive taste or texture, but some may have a slight impact on flavor or color. To make a preservative, one typically needs to identify the specific microorganisms that cause spoilage or contamination, and then select a suitable preservative that can effectively inhibit their growth.