What is "osteoarthritis"?

Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time. This can result in pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints, making movement difficult. Osteoarthritis commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine, as well as the hands. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include aging, joint injury, obesity, and genetics. Treatment typically involves medications to manage pain and inflammation, as well as lifestyle changes such as exercise, weight management, and joint protection techniques. In severe cases, joint replacement surgery may be necessary to relieve pain and improve joint function.