The head-directionality parameter describes how sentences are structured based on the placement of heads and their dependents. In head-initial languages, such as English, the head appears before its dependents, as in the phrase "the cat on the mat." Conversely, in head-final languages, like Turkish, the head follows its dependents, illustrated by the phrase "Dün çok garip kitapları okudum," which translates word-for-word as "Yesterday very strange books read I," meaning "Yesterday I read the very strange books." This parameter is essential for understanding syntax across languages.

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